No ke aha ʻo TC4 Titanium Alloy ke koho kiʻekiʻe loa no nā mea hoʻohui niho?

Inā hana ʻoe i nā implants niho a i ʻole abutments, ke kū nei ʻoe i kahi hoʻoholo koʻikoʻi: ʻo ia ka mea e hāʻawi i ka ikaika, palekana, a me ka hana lōʻihi i manaʻo ʻia e kāu mea kūʻai. No nā makahiki he ʻehā, ʻo TC4 titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) ka pane no nā mea hana niho ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

Akā he aha ka mea i koho nui ai ʻo TC4? E noʻonoʻo kākou i nā kumu koʻikoʻi ʻekolu i mea nui i ka poʻe loea niho a me nā mea maʻi.

Ka Laki ʻana o ka ikaika-a-kaumaha: Pehea e hiki ai i ka TC4 ke hoʻolālā i nā hoʻolālā ʻoi aku ka lahilahi a māmā.

ʻO ke kaiapuni waha e kau i nā koi kūikawā i nā mea implant. Pono lākou e pale i nā miliona o nā pōʻai maʻi, e kūʻē i ka deformation, a e hana i kēia mau mea me ka lawe liʻiliʻi i ka waha o ka mea maʻi.

Na Helu Pono

Hāʻawi ʻo TC4 ma kahi o 70% ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka titanium maʻemaʻe kūʻai ma kahi kokoke i ke kaumaha like. ʻOiai ʻo CP titanium (Papa 4) hāʻawi i ka ikaika tensile ma kahi o 550 MPa a me ka ikaika o ka hāʻawi ʻana ma kahi o 480 MPa, hāʻawi ʻo TC4 (Grade 23) i ka ikaika tensile ma ka laulā o 860 a i 950 MPa a me ka ikaika o ka hua o 760 a 830 MPa. Loaʻa nā mea ʻelua i nā densities like-TC4 ma 4.43 g/cm³ a ​​me CP titanium ma 4.51 g/cm³-ʻo ia hoʻi ka ikaika-i-kaumaha pono o TC4 he nui.

Hoʻololi pololei kēia i nā pono hoʻolālā no nā mea implant.

Nā Pōmaikaʻi Hoʻomaʻamaʻa o ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe

ʻO nā paia abutment ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi: ʻO ka ikaika o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o TC4 e hiki ai i nā mea hana ke hoʻemi i ka mānoanoa o ka pā abutment me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopōʻino ʻana a i ʻole ka haki ʻana. Mālama kēia i kahi hoʻihoʻi hou no ka lei hope, ʻoi aku ka mea nui i ka ʻāpana nani kahi i kaupalena ʻia ka wahi.

ʻO nā implants liʻiliʻi-anawaena: I nā hihia o nā kuamoʻo alveolar haiki a i ʻole ka pili ʻana o ke aʻa pili, pono nā implants liʻiliʻi (3.0mm a i ʻole). ʻO ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe o TC4 e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kēia mau implants liʻiliʻi hiki ke kūpaʻa i nā ikaika masticatory maʻamau.

Ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi: No ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka poʻo piha a i ʻole nā ​​alahaka lōʻihi, hāʻawi ʻo TC4 i ka ʻoʻoleʻa e pono ai e pale i ka wili a me ka hiki ke wehe ʻia a i ʻole ka haki ʻana.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻamau no nā mea hana

Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā ana i nā abutments me ka mānoanoa o ka pā ma lalo o 0.5mm a i ʻole nā ​​​​implants ma lalo o 3.5mm anawaena, ʻaʻole ʻo TC4 he koho wale nō - he mea pono ia. ʻAʻole hiki i ka CP titanium ke hāʻawi i ka palena palekana like i kēia mau noi koi.

ʻO ke kū'ēʻana i kaʻino ma ka waha waha: He aha nā 40 makahiki o ka hōʻikeʻikeʻikepili

ʻO ka waha o ke kanaka he ʻano ʻino kahaha. Loaʻa i ka saliva nā chlorides, nā enzymes, a me ka bacteria. Hoʻololi ka pae pH mai ke kū ʻole (7.0) a i ka ʻakika nui (ma lalo o 5.5) ma hope o ka ʻai. Hoʻololi ka mahana ma waena o ka wela a me ke anu me kēlā me kēia inu kope a i ʻole ka wai hau.

ʻO ka Layer Oxide Passive

Hoʻokaʻawale ka CP titanium a me TC4 i nā ʻano hana pale corrosion kumu: ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi papa paʻa, hoʻōla ponoʻī iā ia iho (TiO₂). Ke ʻike ʻia i ka oxygen a i ʻole ka wai o ke kino, hana kēia papa i loko o nā milliseconds a pale koke i ka metala lalo. Inā ʻoki ʻia, hoʻololi koke ka papa i ka oxygen. He paʻa kemika, e kūʻē ana i nā chlorides, acids, a me nā enzymes, a he mea ola ʻole ia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoulu i nā pane ʻeha.

He aha nā makahiki 40 o ka ʻikepili Clinical i hōʻike

Mai ka wā i hoʻokomo mua ʻia ai ʻo TC4 no nā noi orthopedic a me nā niho i ka makahiki 1980, ua nānā nā haneli o nā haʻawina lapaʻau i kāna hana corrosion. Ua maopopo ka ʻae ʻana: ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ma waena o CP titanium a me TC4 i hōʻike ʻia e pili ana i nā hemahema pili i ka corrosion.

Hōʻike nā mea ʻelua i ka nui o ka corrosion ma lalo o 0.001 mm i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma nā wai waha i hoʻohālikelike ʻia. ʻO nā pae hoʻokuʻu ion, ke ʻike ʻia, ua ana ʻia ma nā ʻāpana o ka piliona-ma lalo o nā paepae ʻona. ʻAʻohe mea i hoʻopili ʻia i nā hopena allergy a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻona ʻōnaehana i nā heluna maʻi nui. ʻO nā haʻawina hoʻihoʻi ʻana o nā implants TC4 ma hope o 10 a 20 mau makahiki e hōʻike ana i nā papa passive intact me ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili.

Ka Ninau Vanadium

Hōʻike kekahi mau mea kūʻai i ka hopohopo e pili ana i ka ʻike vanadium (ma kahi o 4% ma TC4). ʻO ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka vanadium ion a me ka cytotoxicity. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi ka papa ʻokikene passive i ka vanadium i loko o ka alloy. Hōʻike nā haʻawina in vitro ʻaʻohe hopena cytotoxic mai TC4 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me CP titanium. Ua hoʻohana palekana ʻia ʻo TC4 ma luna o 100 miliona mau kaʻina hana implant ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, a ʻaʻohe haʻawina i nānā ʻia e nā hoa i hōʻike i ka pōʻino mai ka vanadium i nā implants Ti-6Al-4V.

ʻO ka laina lalo ma ka Corrosion

No nā ʻāpana implant niho, ʻaʻole he kumu hoʻokaʻawale ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion ma waena o CP titanium a me TC4. Hāʻawi nā mea ʻelua i ka hana kūʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā makahiki ma ke kaiapuni waha. E koho ma muli o nā koi mechanical, ʻaʻole pili i ka corrosion.

Hana Osseointegration: Hoʻohālikelike ka Alloy i ka Titanium Maʻemaʻe?

ʻO Osseointegration-ʻo ka pilina pololei a me ka hana ma waena o ka iwi ola a me ka implant surface-ʻo ia ke kumu o ka lāʻau niho implant hou. Inā ʻaʻole hiki i kahi mea implant ke osseointegrate, hāʻule ia ma ke kino.

Ka Ninau Ko'iko'i

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka alumini a me ka vanadium e hoʻohālikelike i ka hiki o TC4 ke hoʻopaʻa me ka iwi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka titanium maʻemaʻe?

Ka Olelo Noi

Ua loaʻa i nā ʻumi makahiki o nā haʻawina hoʻohālikelike i kahi pane maopopo: Loaʻa iā TC4 ka osseointegration e like me ka titanium maʻemaʻe kūʻai.

Ma ke ʻano o ka pākēneka hoʻopili iwi-i-implant, loaʻa ka CP titanium a me TC4 i nā pae o 55% a 70%, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole ma waena o nā mea ʻelua. ʻO nā waiwai torque wehe, e ana i ke kūpaʻa mechanical o ka iwi-implant interface, hāʻule i loko o ka laulā o 35 a 50 Ncm no nā mea ʻelua, e hōʻike hou ana i ke kūlike. Hōʻike ka nānā ʻana i ka mōʻaukala ma nā pule he 12 i ka iwi lamellar makua e hoʻopuni ana i nā implants CP titanium a me TC4, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻōla ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ka nui o ke ola olakino lōʻihi e pili ana i ka ʻikepili hahai ma mua o 10 mau makahiki-hōʻike i nā mea ʻelua e hoʻokō i nā helu ola implant ma waena o 95% a me 97%.

Akaka ka hopena: TC4 titanium alloy ua like piha me CP titanium ma ke ʻano o ka hana osseointegration.

No ke aha i hoʻohui maikaʻi ai ʻo TC4 Osseo

ʻO ka papa ʻoksa ka mea e ʻike ai ka iwi. Pili nā pūnaewele iwi (osteoblasts) me ka ʻili o ka titanium oxide, ʻaʻole ka metala lalo. No ka mea, ua like ka CP titanium a me TC4 i nā papa TiO₂, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka pane olaola.

Hoʻopololei ka ʻili honua i ka pane. Loaʻa i nā implants hou ka osseointegration ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻili-sandblasting, etching acid, anodizing, a i ʻole hydrophilic treatments. ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ma mua o nā ʻokoʻa maʻalahi ma waena o CP a me TC4 substrates.

He nui ka hōʻoia hōʻoia. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo TC4 i nā implants niho mai ka makahiki 1980, me nā helu ola lōʻihi e like me ka CP titanium. Ua hoʻohana maikaʻi nā mea hoʻokomo implant nui i ka TC4 no nā abutments, nā mea hoʻōla, a me nā mea hoʻopili implant i kekahi mau laina huahana.

I ka wā e loaʻa ai ka pōmaikaʻi iā CP Titanium

No ka mea hoʻopili ponoʻī (ka ʻāpana i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka iwi), makemake kekahi mau kauka i ka CP titanium ma muli o ka ductility kiʻekiʻe iki, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke ʻano mechanical o ka iwi, kahi moʻolelo lōʻihi e pili ana i nā implants kumu mua o Brånemark, a me ka pono maʻemaʻe kumu me ka ʻole o nā mea hoʻohui. Eia nō naʻe, no nā abutments a me nā ʻāpana implant ʻaʻole pili pono i ka iwi, ʻo ka maikaʻi o ka ikaika o TC4 ka mea i koho ʻia no ka hapa nui o nā mea hana.

Ka Manao Kuikahi

No nā mea hoʻokomo i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka pae iwi, hana maikaʻi nā CP Grade 4 a me TC4, ʻoiai he kuʻuna lōʻihi ko CP titanium. No nā abutments ma ka pae kiko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka TC4 Grade 23 no ka mea hiki i kona ikaika ke hoʻolālā i nā hoʻolālā pā lahilahi. No ka ho'ōla abutments, CP Grade 2 ua lawa pinepine ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa a ʻaʻohe koi ikaika nui. No ka abutment screws, TC4 Grade 23 mea koʻikoʻi ma muli o nā koi kūpaʻa luhi. No ka hoʻololi kope ʻana, hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ʻo CP Grade 2 no kona ductility i ka wā e noho ai.

Ua loaʻa iā TC4 titanium alloy kona kūlana ma ke ʻano he koho kiʻekiʻe loa no nā ʻāpana implant niho ma o nā makahiki he ʻumi o ka hōʻoia ʻana. ʻO kona ikaika kiʻekiʻe e hiki ai i nā hoʻolālā implant invasive hou. ʻO kona pale ʻana i ka corrosion pili i ka titanium maʻemaʻe. Ua like kona hana osseointegration. A ʻaʻole i nīnau ʻia kāna moʻolelo palekana.

No nā mea hana niho e hana ana i nā abutments, nā ʻāpana implant, a me nā hoʻihoʻi CAD/CAM e koi ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka hilinaʻi, ʻo TC4 Grade 23 (ASTM F136) ʻaʻole ia he koho maikaʻi wale nō - ʻo ia ke kūlana ʻoihana.

Hāʻawi ʻo Xiʻan Sino Titanium Metals Co., Ltd.. i nā papa lāʻau lapaʻau titanium alloy a me nā disc e like me ka ASTM F136, kūpono no nā ʻāpana implant niho. Loaʻa nā nui maʻamau. Ua lako ka hui mePapa II Lapaau Hooiaio, hōʻike hōʻike huahana a hoʻopiha i nā palapala pili.

No ka ʻike hou aku, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i kā mākou hui kūʻai maLaura@ztmetal.com.